The way your teeth meet when your top and bottom jaws close down on top of each other is known as your 'bite'. If your teeth don't fit together properly, you could have malocclusion or 'bad bite', which can cause problems with your teeth, gums, the temporo-mandibular joint (TMJ) and the muscles in your face.
This misalignment, often referred to as TMJ disorder, can also cause some people to clench the jaw and grind their teeth at night. This can lead to facial pain, headaches, discomfort and clicking when biting or chewing, migraines as well as neck and shoulder pain, and even back pain.
If you recognise any of these symptoms or suffer with these on a daily basis, you will need to see a dentist to treat your problems or to refer you to a specialist if necessary.
Depending on the origin and severity of your problem, you may need orthodontic treatment or maxillofacial surgery. Other solutions may include replacing missing teeth or adjusting any ill-fitting bridgework that you may have. The most important thing to do is to see your dentist as soon as possible so that your problem does not become worse over time and require more drastic measures to correct.
Common jaw problems include temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD), jaw pain, clicking or popping sounds when moving the jaw, difficulty chewing, and lockjaw. These conditions can arise from various causes such as injury, arthritis, misalignment, stress, and excessive use of the jaw muscles.
Symptoms of TMD include pain or tenderness in the jaw, aching pain around the ear, difficulty chewing or discomfort while chewing, facial pain, locking of the joint, making it difficult to open or close the mouth, and clicking, popping, or grating sounds in the jaw joint when opening or closing the mouth.
Jaw problems can be caused by several factors, including genetics, arthritis, jaw injury, long-term grinding or clenching of teeth (bruxism), poor posture that strains the neck and facial muscles, stress, which can lead to tightening of the jaw and facial muscles, and misalignment of teeth or jaw.
Jaw problems are typically diagnosed through a combination of dental examinations, medical history review, physical examination of the jaw and face, imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRI to view the jaw and TMJ in detail, and sometimes dental models to assess bite alignment.
Treatment options for jaw problems vary depending on the severity and cause of the issue but can include pain relievers and anti-inflammatories, muscle relaxants, oral splints or mouthguards, physical therapy, stress management techniques, corrective dental treatments for alignment issues, and in severe cases, surgical interventions.
Yes, jaw problems can impact overall health by causing chronic pain, affecting eating and nutrition, leading to sleep disturbances, and potentially exacerbating stress and anxiety. They can also affect posture and alignment, leading to further musculoskeletal issues.
At-home care for jaw pain includes applying ice or moist heat to the affected area, eating soft foods to reduce strain, avoiding extreme jaw movements (like wide yawning, loud singing, and gum chewing), performing gentle jaw stretching and relaxing exercises, and practicing stress-reduction techniques such as deep breathing or meditation.
You should see a dentist if you experience persistent jaw pain or discomfort, difficulty opening or closing your mouth, abnormal sounds from the jaw joint, or if jaw problems interfere with eating, speaking, or your overall quality of life. Early intervention can prevent further complications.
Yes, misaligned teeth can contribute to jaw problems by affecting the bite and placing additional stress on the jaw joints and muscles. This can lead to TMD, pain, and dysfunction. Orthodontic treatments, such as braces or aligners, can correct misalignments and relieve stress on the jaw.
Preventing jaw problems involves maintaining good oral hygiene, using protective mouthguards during sports or if you grind your teeth at night, practicing good posture, avoiding excessive jaw movements, managing stress, and regular dental check-ups to identify and address any potential issues early.